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Case Report 


Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review

Nigora Rasulova, Qaisar Hussain Siraj, Amir Javaid, Anwar Al-banna.


Abstract
Parathyroid adenomas are the commonest cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. About 10 percent of the parathyroid adenomas are ectopic in location. Cystic degeneration in parathyroid adenomas is seen in 4% of the cases and represents 1-2% of the cases with primary hyperparathyroidism. Hence, the combination of parathyroid cysts, which are both ectopic and functional is extremely rare. Functional parathyroid cysts can be either silent or associated with a wide range of clinical symptoms. We present two cases of functional mediastinal parathyroid cysts, one with and the other without clinical manifestations.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Rasulova N, Siraj QH, Javaid A, Al-banna A. Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pak J Nucl Med. 2016; 6(1): 63-68.

Web Style

Rasulova N, Siraj QH, Javaid A, Al-banna A. Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. https://www.pjnmed.com/?mno=284580 [Access: June 29, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Rasulova N, Siraj QH, Javaid A, Al-banna A. Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pak J Nucl Med. 2016; 6(1): 63-68.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Rasulova N, Siraj QH, Javaid A, Al-banna A. Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pak J Nucl Med. (2016), [cited June 29, 2026]; 6(1): 63-68.


Harvard Style

Rasulova, N., Siraj, . Q. H., Javaid, . A. & Al-banna, . A. (2016) Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pak J Nucl Med, 6 (1), 63-68.


Turabian Style

Rasulova, Nigora, Qaisar Hussain Siraj, Amir Javaid, and Anwar Al-banna. 2016. Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pakistan Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 6 (1), 63-68.


Chicago Style

Rasulova, Nigora, Qaisar Hussain Siraj, Amir Javaid, and Anwar Al-banna. "Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review." Pakistan Journal of Nuclear Medicine 6 (2016), 63-68.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Rasulova, Nigora, Qaisar Hussain Siraj, Amir Javaid, and Anwar Al-banna. "Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review." Pakistan Journal of Nuclear Medicine 6.1 (2016), 63-68. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Rasulova, N., Siraj, . Q. H., Javaid, . A. & Al-banna, . A. (2016) Functional ectopic cystic parathyroid adenomas: case reports and literature review. Pakistan Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 6 (1), 63-68.




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